Authorities Cited: United States Code 31 U.S.C. § 3729 31 U.S.C. § 3730(b)(2) 31 U.S.C. § 3730(b)(4) 31 U.S.C. § 3730(b)(5) 31 U.S.C. § 3730(e)(4)(A) Supreme Court 520 U.S. 939, 945 Circuit Courts 615 F.2d 1370, 1371 19 F.3d 950, 953 193 F.3d 1235, 1237 217 F.3d 1341, 1345 241 F.3d 154, 163 243 F.3d 1181, 1187 323 F.3d 920, 925 363 F.3d 1113, 1131 475 F.3d 1239, 1254 501 F.3d 1244, 1250 Federal Rules of Civil Procedure Fed. R. Civ. P. 12(b)(1) Fed. R. Civ. P. 15 Fed. R. Civ. P. 15(c) Fed. R. Civ. P. 15(c)(1)(A) Fed. R. Civ. P. 15(c)(1)(B) Fed. R. Civ. P. 15(c)(1)(C) Fed. R. Civ. P. 15(c)(1)(C)(i) 372 F. Supp. 2d 623, 628 436 F. Supp. 2d 1342, 1343