Authorities Cited: Supreme Court 332 U.S. 581 371 U.S. 471 392 U.S. 40 423 U.S. 411, 417 444 U.S. 85 462 U.S. 213, 231-244 496 U.S. 128 526 U.S. 295, 304-305 534 U.S. 266 540 U.S. 366, 370-374 543 U.S. 146, 152 Circuit Courts 334 F.2d 103, 110 560 F.2d 45, 61 599 F.2d 494, 501 702 F.2d 372, 375 758 F.2d 834, 838 897 F.2d 26, 17-31 899 F.2d 169, 172 101 F.3d 845, 852 287 F.3d 66, 85 460 F.3d 388, 395 461 F.3d 374, 390 489 F.3d 484, 490-491 496 F.3d 139, 156 508 F.3d 694, 701