Authorities Cited: United States Code 18 U.S.C. § 1961 28 U.S.C. § 1291 28 U.S.C. § 1292(a)(1) 28 U.S.C. § 1651(a) 28 U.S.C. § 2283 Supreme Court 260 U.S. 226, 230 296 U.S. 393, 403 352 U.S. 220, 225-226 384 U.S. 890 385 U.S. 23, 25 398 U.S. 281, 286-297 433 U.S. 623, 641-642 450 U.S. 79, 83-84 474 U.S. 518, 525 484 U.S. 193, 199-200 520 U.S. 43, 67 528 U.S. 216, 221-222 529 U.S. 277, 287 Circuit Courts 337 F.2d 579, 593-594 501 F.2d 383, 383-384 682 F.2d 1267, 1271 770 F.2d 328, 337-338 815 F.2d 1323, 1326-1327 869 F.2d 1256, 1262 877 F.2d 877, 880-881 880 F.2d 1096, 1100 885 F.2d 525, 528 960 F.2d 1286, 1298 10 F.3d 189, 195 52 F.3d 821, 825 101 F.3d 1196, 1201-1203 134 F.3d 133, 137 150 F.3d 1011, 1018 174 F.3d 1007, 1014 282 F.3d 220, 239 284 F.3d 969, 974 285 F.3d 801, 805-806 288 F.3d 277, 282 314 F.3d 1180, 1189 326 F.3d 816, 826 326 F.3d 1096, 1106 329 F.3d 1101, 1106 340 F.3d 810, 813 358 F.3d 1181, 1184 362 F.3d 1204, 1216 386 F.3d 419, 421-430 428 F.3d 831, 844 432 F.3d 939, 942 434 F.3d 1150, 1155 498 F.3d 1059, 1063 500 F.3d 322, 326-327 Federal Rules of Civil Procedure Fed. R. Civ. P. 52(a)(2) Fed. R. Civ. P. 65(d) 236 F. Supp. 2d 1336