Authorities Cited: United States Code 21 U.S.C. § 841(a)(1) 21 U.S.C. § 841(b)(1)(A) 21 U.S.C. § 846 21 U.S.C. § 851 Supreme Court 483 U.S. 868 509 U.S. 579, 589-597 526 U.S. 137, 141 528 U.S. 440 534 U.S. 112 547 U.S. 103 Circuit Courts 892 F.2d 1494, 1498 933 F.2d 1519, 1520-1523 971 F.2d 452, 459 34 F.3d 949, 955 61 F.3d 1446, 1455 70 F.3d 1167, 1170-1171 125 F.3d 1241, 1246 145 F.3d 1123, 1131 184 F.3d 1259, 1272 214 F.3d 1204, 1208-1210 215 F.3d 1083, 1087 255 F.3d 1215, 1221 277 F.3d 1235, 1247 285 F.3d 909, 914 305 F.3d 1193 328 F.3d 1212, 1223 346 F.3d 808 374 F.3d 917, 929 389 F.3d 1100, 1103 404 F.3d 1238, 1241-1242 439 F.3d 1221, 1226 444 F.3d 1255, 1262 478 F.3d 1213, 1219 479 F.3d 743 505 F.3d 1013, 1031 518 F.3d 775, 786 520 F.3d 1173, 1178 Federal Rules of Criminal Procedure Fed. R. Crim. P. 16 Federal Rules of Evidence Fed. R. Evid. 701 Fed. R. Evid. 801(c)