Authorities Cited: United States Code 18 U.S.C. § 1291 42 U.S.C. § 1983 Supreme Court 443 U.S. 47, 51-52 457 U.S. 800 533 U.S. 194, 201 542 U.S. 177, 184 543 U.S. 146, 153 Circuit Courts 734 F.2d 495, 499 784 F.2d 340, 342 44 F.3d 837, 841 45 F.3d 1472, 1476 146 F.3d 1149, 1156 203 F.3d 371, 376 237 F.3d 1248, 1257 252 F.3d 1124, 1128 271 F.3d 62, 70 280 F.3d 1308, 1318 297 F.3d 751, 754 298 F.3d 81, 90 323 F.3d 1273, 1279 328 F.3d 1230, 1251-1253 351 F.3d 1001, 1007-1010 375 F.3d 521, 528 380 F.3d 893, 900 388 F.3d 578, 584 412 F.3d 553, 560 450 F.3d 1146, 1156 474 F.3d 675, 685 491 F.3d 1244, 1252 499 F.3d 199, 211 506 F.3d 1021, 1028 523 F.3d 1147, 1156-1159 Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure Fed. R. App. P. 28(f) Federal Rules of Civil Procedure Fed. R. Civ. P. 50(a)(1)