Authorities Cited: Supreme Court 509 U.S. 579, 587-596 522 U.S. 136, 138-146 Circuit Courts 316 F.2d 294, 296 992 F.2d 1077, 1080-1081 6 F.3d 1431, 1436 34 F.3d 932, 936-937 42 F.3d 607, 612 79 F.3d 182, 202 275 F.3d 965, 968-970 294 F.3d 1232, 1237 328 F.3d 1212, 1222 340 F.3d 1118, 1121 388 F.3d 1331, 1334 393 F.3d 1137, 1142 400 F.3d 1227, 1233-1236 500 F.3d 1170, 1179 525 F.3d 972, 978 Federal Rules of Appellate Procedure Fed. R. App. P. 34(f) Federal Rules of Civil Procedure Fed. R. Civ. P. 26(a)(2)(C) Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(c) Federal Rules of Evidence Fed. R. Evid. 401 Fed. R. Evid. 702