Authorities Cited: United States Code 42 U.S.C. § 1983 Supreme Court 457 U.S. 800, 818 462 U.S. 696, 703 471 U.S. 1, 4-12 489 U.S. 593, 597-599 490 U.S. 386, 396-397 523 U.S. 833, 844 533 U.S. 194, 201 543 U.S. 194, 195-599 Circuit Courts 990 F.2d 1207, 1211 101 F.3d 1378, 1381 169 F.3d 1353, 1374 280 F.3d 1295, 1299 284 F.3d 1188, 1194-1197 334 F.3d 980, 985 343 F.3d 1323, 1328-1330 381 F.3d 1243, 1248 Federal Rules of Civil Procedure Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(c)