Authorities Cited: United States Code 28 U.S.C. § 15 28 U.S.C. § 1332(a) 28 U.S.C. § 1332(d)(2) 28 U.S.C. § 1332(d)(2)(A) 28 U.S.C. § 1345 28 U.S.C. § 1349 28 U.S.C. § 1351 47 U.S.C. § 227(b)(3) Supreme Court 304 U.S. 64 380 U.S. 460, 468-474 487 U.S. 131, 151 488 U.S. 361, 392 499 U.S. 225, 239 518 U.S. 415, 427 Circuit Courts 234 F.2d 538, 541 4 F.3d 335, 342 156 F.3d 10 156 F.3d 432, 435 277 F.3d 138, 143 280 F.3d 116, 122 416 F.3d 176, 180 427 F.3d 10 436 F.3d 335, 342-343 464 F.3d 8 527 F.3d 25, 30 Federal Rules of Civil Procedure Fed. R. Civ. P. 23(a)