Authorities Cited: United States Code 28 U.S.C. § 1002(36) 28 U.S.C. § 1003(b)(5) 28 U.S.C. § 1331 29 U.S.C. § 1001(a) 29 U.S.C. § 1002(1) 29 U.S.C. § 1002(3) 29 U.S.C. § 1132(e) 29 U.S.C. § 1144(a) Supreme Court 463 U.S. 85, 96-97 482 U.S. 1, 6-11 489 U.S. 101, 111-115 Circuit Courts 765 F.2d 1295, 1300 841 F.2d 1254, 1263 865 F.2d 692, 695 877 F.2d 441, 444-445 881 F.2d 166, 168-176 953 F.2d 960, 961 974 F.2d 631, 637-638 983 F.2d 29, 33 985 F.2d 222, 225 47 F.3d 139, 144 57 F.3d 468, 471-472 90 F.3d 114, 116 105 F.3d 225, 232 141 F.3d 604, 608 145 F.3d 286, 292-293 159 F.3d 938, 940 187 F.3d 599, 604-607 188 F.3d 287, 300 215 F.3d 475, 479-481 226 F.3d 394 245 F.3d 941, 948 272 F.3d 722, 727 350 F.3d 472, 478-479 394 F.3d 262, 272 405 F.3d 344, 349 449 F.3d 435, 445-446 459 F.3d 600, 601 499 F.3d 389, 398 501 F.3d 271, 279-280 Federal Rules of Civil Procedure Fed. R. Civ. P. 11(a) 259 F. Supp. 2d 544 481 F. Supp. 2d 797, 803-812 721 F. Supp. 107, 115