Authorities Cited: United States Code 28 U.S.C. § 1291 42 U.S.C. § 1983 Supreme Court 388 U.S. 41, 55 462 U.S. 696, 703 471 U.S. 1, 7-12 472 U.S. 511, 530 490 U.S. 386, 396-397 514 U.S. 35, 42-43 515 U.S. 304, 313-319 533 U.S. 194, 200-205 540 U.S. 366, 370-371 Circuit Courts 954 F.2d 343, 347 101 F.3d 1151, 1160 118 F.3d 1099, 1104-1105 130 F.3d 96 149 F.3d 494, 499 183 F.3d 515, 523 205 F.3d 867, 877 310 F.3d 937, 944 364 F.3d 763, 775 368 F.3d 881, 889 389 F.3d 167, 174 417 F.3d 565, 576 430 F.3d 312, 315-317 430 F.3d 766, 771-772 434 F.3d 461, 467 440 F.3d 306, 311 455 F.3d 612, 619 473 F.3d 731, 740 493 F.3d 720, 727 496 F.3d 482, 485 Federal Rules of Civil Procedure Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(c)