Authorities Cited: United States Code 42 U.S.C. § 1983 Supreme Court 403 U.S. 388 428 U.S. 106, 120-121 436 U.S. 658 475 U.S. 335, 337-345 482 U.S. 451, 461-463 510 U.S. 510, 512 533 U.S. 194 547 U.S. 250 Circuit Courts 665 F.2d 261 803 F.2d 1469, 1472 885 F.2d 1384, 1386-1390 904 F.2d 1372, 1374-1378 943 F.2d 1132, 1137 946 F.2d 630, 646 9 F.3d 1207, 1214 18 F.3d 1482, 1487 69 F.3d 1002, 1007 84 F.3d 1121, 1126 136 F.3d 1345, 1349 230 F.3d 1141, 1154 259 F.3d 1077, 1080 268 F.3d 924, 929 270 F.3d 1215, 1241 307 F.3d 1119, 1126 323 F.3d 1198, 1204-1206 335 F.3d 889, 899-900 368 F.3d 1062, 1067 388 F.3d 871, 882-885 457 F.3d 991, 994-995 469 F.3d 1221, 1234 477 F.3d 652, 663-664 485 F.3d 463, 470-484