Authorities Cited: Supreme Court 386 U.S. 18, 23 395 U.S. 250, 254 407 U.S. 514, 530 475 U.S. 673, 681 500 U.S. 391, 403 502 U.S. 62, 72 541 U.S. 36 Circuit Courts 389 F.3d 300, 307-308