Authorities Cited: United States Patent and Trademark Office U.S. Patent No. 3,382,396 U.S. Patent No. 5,109,181 United States Code 28 U.S.C. § 1295(a)(1) 35 U.S.C. § 287(a) Supreme Court 477 U.S. 317, 322 520 U.S. 17, 25-39 535 U.S. 722, 740 Circuit Courts 904 F.2d 677, 684 24 F.3d 178, 187 138 F.3d 1448, 1456 214 F.3d 1302 229 F.3d 1091 252 F.3d 1320 261 F.3d 1316, 1320 287 F.3d 1097 291 F.3d 1317, 1319-1322 402 F.3d 1188, 1195 406 F.3d 1359, 1364 415 F.3d 1278, 1283 439 F.3d 1312, 1319 469 F.3d 1005, 1013-1018 473 F.3d 1213, 1219 Federal Rules of Civil Procedure Fed. R. Civ. P. 56(c)